Data analysis and reports 0.0 / 5 ? PsychologyData analysisA2/A-levelAQA Created by: ava.scottCreated on: 25-05-15 13:19 GRAPHS 7 points + freq.polygons 3 Remember: title labelled axes sensible scale bar charts have gaps histograms dont have gaps Frequency polygons only central point is plotted points are joined data is continous 1 of 8 Inferential stats Inferential statistics assess probability of the results being down to chance. If the results are cause by a genuine effect, they are significant. The inferential tests allows us to reject or accept the null hypothesis. 2 of 8 Null hypothesis Always non-directional. There will be no difference between conditions, or no correlation. 3 of 8 Inferential tests 3 points Looking for a difference or a correlation Independent groups or repeated measures/matched pairs nominal data or ordinal/interval? 4 of 8 WHICH TEST? Spearmans Rho looking for a correlation independent groups atleast ordinal data Wilcoxon Repeated measures/matched pairs looking for a difference atleast ordinal data Mann-whitney U Independent groups design Looking for a difference Atleast ordinal data Chi2- NOMINAL data, difference and indepedent groups 5 of 8 Assessing significance Expression of P- probability < means less than << means much less than ~ means approx the same as Alpha level usually p = <0.05 socially sensitive p=<0.01 6 of 8 Type 1 and 2 errors Type 1 false positive null hypothesis is rejected incorrectly all inferential tests refer to this Type 2 false negative null hypothesis retained incorrectly 7 of 8 Reports: features Title Abstract summarises the method and findings of a study so other researchers can choose to read the whole report or not Introduction summarises previous research outlins objective and purpose of the research importance of the research- why it was done. Method - design, sample, materials, prcedure Findings/results inc. stats Conclusions Discussion applications reliability and validity 8 of 8
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