Means that what is seen as criminal behaviour varies from society to society and over time
Crime is a social construct
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Durkheim
Functional
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Durkheim
A limited amount of crime and deviance can actually benifit a society
Positive deviants move society forward
Negative deviants punishment reinforces norms and values
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Merton
Conformity
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Merton
This is the response of the majority. it means going to school, gaining qualifications and trying to acheive the American dream by working your way up the career ladder.
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Merton
Innovation
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Merton
Can take legal and illegal forms. In its illegal form it is the most important criminal response. It means trying to acheive the American dream through crime that involves making a financial profit, i.e bank robbery
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Merton
Ritualism
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Merton
This is a deviant response but not a criminal response. It is when you give up on the American dream.
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Merton
Retreatism
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Merton
This is when you give up on the American dream and turn to drink or drugs. This is a deviant and sometimes a criminal response.
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Merton
Rebellion
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Merton
This is when you want to replace the American dream. i.e. terrorism.
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