Crime control, prevention and punishment

• Incapacitation- prevents offender from commiting further crime. Includes imprisonment, restraining orders and ASBOs 
• Rehabilitation- reforming offenders, discussing crimes and have therapy 
• Deterrence- stiff sentences, discourage from reofending and others from commiting it
• Retribution- eye for an eye, owes what he has transgressed against society
• Crime prevention- New Right style and research eh traffic wardens ect 

• orderly society benefits the majority 
• like capitalism, hard work and enterprise should be rewarded 
• less successful indiciduals may make rational choice to improve their circumstance by commiting crime 

WILSON and HERNSTEIN 

• as many causes of crime (secularisation anti social messages) a more equal society would no prevent it 
• he believed if individual was criminal and unemployed both could be explained by anti social attitudes 
• he and others, NOZICK, argue to cut welfare benefits as it creates a dependency culture, discouraging people to work and could reduce crime

evaluation 

• suggesting to cut welfare benefits to make people less dependent is both inhumane and impractical 

WILSON 

• also argued that anti social attitdes would worsen if left unchecked
• zero tolerance entails surveilance and discouragment from police
• broken windows theory- nothing neccassarily illegal but seem to depress an area's moral tone, street drinking 
• if area becomes neglected it 'tips' and becomes a breeding ground for criminals

Evaluation

• human rights breach if police are allowed to move people on who are not breaking the law and this could affect people disproportionally
• The crime simply moves
• NEW YORK MAYOR RUDOLPH JULIANI 1990s 

LEA AND YOUNG 

• changes in policing- conflict or military style policing entails police covering large areas by car, although efficient they do not know community members, should cover small areas using foot or bicycle getting to know likely offenders, brixton- heavy style of policing has led to riots 
• improved welfare- advocte governments interventionto create jobs with prospects and fair wages, regenerate inner area cities and improve housing 
• Victims- victim support groups should meet with local police and officials to address problems in areas, victim compensation should be expanded 
• reintergration of offenders- community service is preferable to prison for less serious criminals. so they compensate community without being marginalised, meeting victims will cause empathy and stop reoffending

Evaluation 

• ideas are reasonable, emphasis on working class crime led to exclusion of state crime 
• some critics argue references to high crime rate for ethnic minoriteies as stereotypical but counter argument is that this is a real life situation thatmust be addressed