Combined Science Biology B1 - Main Stages of the Cell Cycle

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Growth and DNA Replication

  • In a cell that's not dividing, the DNA is spread out in long strings
  • Before it divides, the cell has to grow and increase the amount of multicellular structures e.g mitochondria and ribosomes
  • It then duplicates its DNA - so there's one copy for each new cell. The DNA is copied and forms X-shaped chromosomes. Each 'arm' of the chromosome is an exact duplicate of the other
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Mitosis

  • The chromosomes line up at the centre of the cell and cell fibres pull them apart. The two arms of each chromosome go to opposite ends of the cell
  • Membranes form around each of the sets of chromosomes. These become the nuclei of the two new cells - the nucleus has divided
  • The cytoplasm and cell membrane divide.

The cell has then produced two new daughter cells. The daughter cells contain the exact same DNA as the parent cell -they're identical 

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