Cluster 1 (Love and relationships)

Thy vows are broken - when something is broken it can be irrepairble, reflects the pain and the nature of the unmendable reltionship

A knell in my ear- when he hears her name, sadness overcomes him still after all the time

That thy heart could forget- (Personification) heart symbolises love, wishes that he could forget the love he had

With silence and tears- (Repetition) links back to begining, implies that the pain is a loop, never ending

Relationship ended a long time ago but pain is still there

fountains mingle- can be seen to be an extended metaphor for relationships because people mingle also

winds of Heaven- (religious imagery) something radiating, joyful

all things by a law divine- relationship is complex, a work of art

the mountains kiss high Heaven- (religious imagery) repetition of Heaven

sunlight clasps- the light envelops the earth

moonbeams kiss the sea- representation of love

The rain- (pathetic fallasy) because rain has negative connotations, shows that something bad will happen

glided- describing Porphyria as angelic

She put my arm around her waist- Idea that she is a possesion/object

Porphyria worshipped me-(religious imagery) wants to be a God/thinks he is God, idea of idolatry and control

No pain felt she- justifys killing her, idea of nonsentient beings feel no pain, objectifying her

As a shut bud that holds a bee- (nature imagery) can be interpreted in 2 different ways

Blushed bright under my burning kiss- (metaphor), fire destroys/is uncontrollable

Her darling one wish- justifys her death because she wanted to die, martyr fo their relationship

And yet God has not said a word!- (religious imagery) God isn't powerful enough/he is in the right

my thoughts do twine and bud- (metaphor)(religious imagery) tying the knot in a marriage, implies that their relationship is strong

wild vines- (nature imagery) uncontrollable love, vines wrap around a tree, very intimate

O my palm-tree- (Poetic conciet)(Metaphor) palm tree links to an oasis, their relationship is differernt

I do not think of thee, I am too near thee- Repetition of thee, at the start and end, shows that they are together, she begins and ends with him

not normal sonnet (no couplet at the end) shows unique love

ABBA - shows the perfection of their relationship

the sun was white, as though chidden of God- (simile) sun shows purity, dissapointment, relationship isn't all it should be

fallen from an ash- represents destined to fall

grey- dull, lifeless, decay

Alive enough to have the strength to die- inevitability of death

grin of bitterness swept- (juxipostion )love should be positive but it brings pain, shows that the smile remains after all emotions are swept away

Like an ominous bird a-wing...-bird forbodes love, their love is flying/dying away

Love decieves- they loved each other but no more

greyish leaves- (repetition) haunted by the dead relationship

ABBA - shows seperation and reflects the memory of a relationship

digging his garden, planting potatoes- mentioned first in poem, shows how much he means to her

his knuckles singing- (personification) shows he loves her and sees her as beautiful

heartful of headlines/feeding words- (enjambment) shoes distance between the two

Is your life more real because you dig and sow?- (rhetoric question) how far apart they are and how no one can answer for it

pouring air and light- (metaphor) they are needed for life so shows importance of letters

Like the shut of a winter's day- (simile) winter is hostile, she is hostile towards the farmer

More like a little frightnened fay- (simile) fay is magical, rare, beautiful, inhuman, alien, untame

flying like a hair- (simile)(animal imagery) she is very fast which implies how frightened and desperate she is to get away

As well as most, but like a mouse- (simile)(animal imagery) she is small, implies she is insignificant becase of that, mice have connotations of quiet and quick

black earth spread white with rime- (juxiposition) shows how different they are/how difficult to obtain the relationship will be

leaves just turning- start of natural change, first hint of a big change (spring to autumn)

like a satellite wrenched from its orbit- (simile) the child is obrbiting the speaker, violence does not want to leave

half-fledged thing- (animal imagery) not completely ready for the change

I can see/you walking away- (enjambment) shows seperation

like a winged seed loosened from its parent stem- (simile) it will create a new independant plant, inevitable meant to happen

away- repeated every stanza, constant reminder of seperation

ABACA- the lack of couplet for C shows seperation, unusual ryhme scheme specific to people

Eden Rock- (religious imagery) links to paradise, people need to die to reach it

if lit by three suns- almost natural but not quite, supernatural links to death,

my father spins/a stone- (enjambment) reflects content of poem taking time

I had not thought it would end like this- change in tense and pronoun "I", ending death?, end of childhood?

stanza length- 4,4,4,4,3,1- the distance between each stanza shortens, reflects ageing

Half ryhmes ABAB- his memories are distorted

shoulders globed like a full sail strung- (simile) shows that his father is the world to him and that he is strong

Narrowed and angled- reflects his future, he has no other choice than to follow his father

Mapping the furrow exactly- maps are followed, links to title

Polished sod- (juxiposition) his father is a perfect role model

broad shadow- his father's shadow is too much for him to live up to, too large for him to become his own person

stumbling- repetition of stumble shows problem in relationship, shift in tense- shows the transfer of power from him to his father

ABAB- reflects that there is one person following the footsteps of another and getting in the way of the other, also represents inequality

Mother- progress from childhood to adulthood

prairies of the floors- (metaphor) mapping of uncharted territory, exploration of growing up

unreeling/years between us- (enjambment) shows difference and seperation in age

Anchor. Kite- (Juxiposition) restriction and freedom from parent, differences in age again

I- Independance as they are subject

to fall or to fly- now they are independant they have no safety net, could fail or flourish

final ryhming couplet shows despite seperation there is still connection

The lack of ryhme scheme reflects difference in their age/relationship

doesn't occur/in the ballroom- (enjambment) shows the difference and distance between the mother's love life

now your ghost clatters toward- the old person is a ghost because of change, but the love still remains

clatters- clumsy, not like a dancer

clear as scent- (simile) smell is the first thing which hits you. Her old mother isn't there but she can still snese her, can't see smell but you can sense it.

lack of ryhme scheme- because of childish perspective, there was no parent before parenthood

gulping for breath- (personification) represents relationship, it is drowning and needs something vital to survive

their heads/they halved themselves- (enjambment) represents the swans' heads going underwater and that their relationship is sinking

like boats righting in rough weather- (simile) relationship is going through tough times but it's alright and trying to fix the problems

porcelain over the stilling water- (metaphor) relationship is precious, fragile, beautiful

like a pair of wings settling after flight- both needed to make it work, sense of unity in pair and freedom and naturalness in wings

I do di lock- rejecting his job for his lust

like vee rowing through Putney- not serious activity so the love is not serious just for the physical pleasure

Yor lemons are limes- fruits being misrepresented just like the relationship should be loving but is just useful

tap di ground/as my vife- (enjambment) shows seperation in relationship

colours of Punjabi- (metaphor) even though disrespect of tradition, he still thinks she is beautiful

half di cost ov yoo baby- objectification

(extended metaphor)- his grandfather is a mountain that he is trying to climb, permanent marker or presence in the speaker's life

do it free, without rope or net- trusts his grandfather, shows level of trust through challenging climb

change/direction- (enjambment) shows intentional change

like warm ice- (juxiposition) idea that grandfather has changed his view of a negative thing into a positve one

thick hair (soft and white)- purity, snow on mountain

the slow pulse of his good heart- constant goodness, vital part, grandfather is letting him near because he trusts the speaker

no stanzas- sense of fast paced action, all one event.