Class differences in achievment

External factors or home backgroud factors - lies outside the school

Internal factors - within school/education

Cutural factors - class differences in norms and values 

Material factors - physical nessities of life, housing, diet and income

Intellutual stimilation - lack of educational toys and activies that help them develop, working class are in disadvantage 

Speech codes - the working class use restricted code, middle class use elaborated code

Working class subculture - low value on education, fatalism, immediate gradification 

Poor housing - poor lighting, nowhere quiet

Poor diet - lead to illness, abences from school, lack of concentration 

Low income - lack of educational material 

Bourdieu argues that middle class are more successful as there parents hold more capital/assets

Economic capital - the wealth the family owns

Cultural capital - the attiudes, values, skills and knowledge held by the middle class parents

meanings attached to someone, middle class 'bright motivated' 

Becker - teacher label label middle class as the 'ideal pupil' and prefer to teach them than working class children

a prediction made about someone, and comes true because the person starts to believe it 

working class labelled negitavely therefore fail

Pro school - formed by higher streams, accept the school rules, enjoy school

Anti school - formed by lower streams, reject school rules/values, dislike school 

Lacey argues that lower stream pupils join anti school subcultres because of the labels of being failures, therefore gaining status