Carbonate ions: Add dilute Hydrochloric acid and see if it fizzes. If it does and the gas produced turns limewater cloudy, the substance contains carbonate ions.
Halide ions: Add dilute Nitric acid and then Slive NItrate solution.
- Chloride ions: White precipitate
- Bromide ions: Cream precipitate
- Iodide ions: Yellow precipitate
Sulfate ions: Add dilute Hydrochloric acid and the Barium CHloride solution. Form white precipitate.
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