Chemistry 2.1.14 Acids and bases 0.0 / 5 ? ChemistryAtoms and ReactionsASOCR Created by: AabirACreated on: 22-04-17 17:59 Acids When an acid is added to water, the acid releases H+ ions (protons) into solution The H+ (aq) ion is responsible for all acid reactions One definition of an acid is a proton donor Stron acids are very good at donating protons - they fully, or almost fully, dissociate Weak acids are not very good proton donors - they only partially dissociate 1 of 4 Bases A base is the opposite of an acid One definition of a base is a proton acceptor Common bases are metal oxides and metal hydroxides 2 of 4 Alkalis An alkali is any substance that gves a solution with a pH greater than 7 when dissolved in water Alkalis release OH- (aq) ions when dissolved in water An alkali is a type of base that is able to dissolve in water to form aqueous hydroxide ions In solution the hydroxide ions neutralise protons to form water Ammonia is a gas that dissolves in water to form a weak alkaline solution Ammonia is weak because only a small proportion of the dissovled NH3 reacts with water, shown by the equilibrium (reversible reaction) sign 3 of 4 Amphoteric substances Some substances can behave as acids and bases An example of this is an amino molecule This contains a carboxyl acid group, COOH, which can donate a proton It also contains an amino basic group, NH2, which could accept a proton 4 of 4
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