Challenges to the Control of the USSR 0.0 / 5 ? HistoryThe Cold WarGCSECCEA Created by: Erin WCreated on: 12-06-17 14:43 Nikita Khrushchev Joseph Stalin died in 1953. He was succeed by Nikita Khrushchev - seemed to be more moderate than Stalin. In 1955 Khrushchev visited Yugoslavia and apologised for the way Stalin had treated the country. In 1995 Khrushchev met the leaders of the West in Geneva - first time in ten years. In 1956 Khrushchev made his 'secret speech' - criticised Stalin's policies. Began 'de-Stalinisation' in the USSR. Ordered Cominform to be disbanded. 1 of 4 Hungarian Revolt 1956 Former communist leader, Matayas Rakosi, replaced by more moderate Imre Nagy. Nagy announced all-party elections and withdrawal from Warsaw Pact. Khrushchev could not allow this to happen - would set a bad example. The Russian army invaded Hungary. 30,000 people died in the fighting - Nagy executed and Hungary felt let down by West. Western powers preoccupied with Suez crisis. 2 of 4 Berlin Wall Constructed in 1961. Democratic West Berlin and communist East Berlin. By 1962 - estimated over 2m people had fled to the West. Meant loss of workers for USSR and a bad advert for communism. Those who attempted to cross the wall without permission were shot. USA protested but did nothing - President JFK unwilling to risk war. Seen as a symbolic victory for communism. 3 of 4 Rising in Czechoslovakia 1968 - USSR leader Khrushchev replaced by Leonid Brezhnev - more 'hard line'. People of Czechoslovakia were unhappy with their leader and appointed Alexander Dubcek - he was willing to make reforms. Brought in freedom of speech, and less economic control. Known as the 'Prague Spring' - a time of hope. Brezhnev angered byt this - ordered 400,000 Warsaw Pact troops into Czechoslovakia. Brezhnev called Dubcek to Moscow for a meeting. Afterwards Dubceck resigned and 'Prague Spring' was over. 'Brezhnev Doctrine' introduced to join communist countries to help other communist countries avoid becoming capitalist. 4 of 4
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