Cells Biology Yr 7
These are just some cards to help you revise nothng much to them but should help!!!
- Created by: lauren
- Created on: 23-05-09 12:10
Green Plants Photsynthesis
Animals eat to get food, but green plants make their own food. The process plants use is called photosynthesis. We say that plants can photosynthesise.
These are the things that plants need for photosynthesis:
- carbon dioxide
- water
- light
These are the things that plants make because of photosynthesis:
- glucose
- oxygen
We can show photosynthesis as this word equation:
Animal and Plant Cells
Cells and their Functions
Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts in plant cells. Chloroplasts contain a green substance called chlorophyll. This absorbs the light energy needed to make photosynthesis happen. Plants can only photosynthesise in the light.
Palisade cells in leaves have lots of chloroplasts
Plants get carbon dioxide from the air through their leaves, and water from the ground through their roots.
Light energy comes from the sun.
The glucose produced can be turned into other substances, such as starch, which is used for storage. The oxygen produced is released into the air from the leaves.
Animal and Plant Cells
Animal cells and plant cells
The basic building block of animals and plants is the cell. Cells are very small and we need a microscope to see them. The photographs show animal cells and plant cells, as seen through a microscope.
Cells and their Functions
These are cheek cells, seen through a microscope
These are onion cells, seen through a microscope
Cells are made up of different parts. It is easier to explain what these parts are by using diagrams like the ones below.
Animal cells usually have an irregular shape, and plant cells usually have a regular shape
Animal cells and plant cells both contain:
- cell membrane
- cytoplasm
- nucleus
Plant cells only also contain:
- chloroplasts
- vacuole
- cell wall
The table summarises the functions or jobs of these parts.
Part Function Cell membrane Controls what substances can get into and out of the cell. Cytoplasm Jelly-like substance, where chemical reactions happen. In plant cells there's a thin lining, whereas in animal cells most of the cell is cytoplasm. Nucleus Controls what happens inside the cell - it is not a 'brain'. Chloroplast Where photosynthesis happens – chloroplasts contain a green substance called chlorophyll. Vacuole Contains a liquid called cell sap, which keeps the cell firm. Cell wall Made of a tough substance called cellulose, which supports the cell.
Cells and their Functions
Type of animal cell Function Special features Red blood cells
To carry oxygen
- Large surface area, for oxygen to pass through
- Contains haemoglobin, which joins with oxygen
Nerve cell
To carry nerve impulses to different parts of the body
- Long
- Connections at each end
- Can carry electrical signals
Female reproductive cell (egg cell)
To join with male cell, and then to provide food for the new cell that's been formed
- Large
- Contains lots of cytoplasm
Male reproductive cell (sperm cell)
To reach female cell, and join with it
- Long tail for swimming
- Head for getting into the female cell
Type of plant cell Function Special features Root hair cell
To absorb water and minerals
- Large surface area
Leaf cell
To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis
- Large surface area
- Lots of chloroplasts
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