Cells

Part                    Function                                                       

Nucleus: Contains genetic material which controls the activity of the cell

Cytoplasm: Most chemicla processes take place here, controlled by enzymes

Cell Membrane: Controls movement of substances into and out of the cell

Mitochondria: Most energy is released by respiration

Ribosomes: Protein synthesis happens here

Extra parts of plant cells

Cell wall: Strengthens the cell

Chloroplasts: Contains chlorophyll which absorbs light energy for photosythesis

Permanent vacoule: Filled with cell sap to help keep the cell turgid (Having turgor; enlarged and swollen with water)

• A bacterium is a single-celled organism .
•  A bacterial cell has a different structure to an animal or plant cell. It has cytoplasm, a membrane and a surrounding cell wall
• genetic material in a bacterial cell is not in a distinct nucleus.

Leaf cell:· Absorbs light energy for photosynthesis

·Packed with chloroplasts. Regular shaped, closely packed cells form a continuous layer for efficient absorption of sunlight.

Root hair cell:·Absorbs water and mineral ions from the soil

·Long 'finger-like' process with very thin wall, which gives a large surface area.

Sperm cell:·Fertilises an egg cell - female gamete

·The head contains genetic information and an enzyme to help penetrate the egg cell membrane. The middle section is packed with mitochondria for energy. The tail moves the sperm to the egg.

Red blood cells: Contains haemoglobin to carry oxygen to the cells.

·Thin outer membrane to let oxygen diffuse through easily. Shape increases the surface area to allow more oxygen to be absorbed efficiently. No nucleus, so the whole cell is full of haemoglobin.