Cells

All living things are made of cells.

Animal cells have lots of parts. Plant cells have all of these parts, plus a few extra that animal cells do not have.

• Nucleus - Contains genetic material that controls the activities of the cell.
• Mitochondria - These are where most of the reactions for respiration take place. Respiration releases energy that cells need to work.
• Cytoplasm - Gel-like substance where most of the chemical reactions happen. It contains enzymes that control the reactions.
• Ribosomes - There are where proteins are made in the cell.
• Cell Membrane - Holds the cell together and controls what goes in or out.

A plant cell features all of the parts found in an animal cell as well as:

• Chloroplasts - These are where photosynthesis occurs, which makes food for the plant. They contain a green substance called chlorophyll.
• Rigid Cell Wall - Made of cellulose. It supports the cell and strengthens it.
• Permanent Vacuole - Contains cell sap, a week solution of sugar and salts.

Yeast is a microorganism. A yeast cell has a nucleus, cytoplasm, and a cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall.

Bacteria are also single-celled microorganisms. A bacteria cell has a cytoplasm and a cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall. The genetic material floats in the cytoplasm because bacterial cells don't have a nucleus.