cells

All organisms are made up of cells.

Animal Cell:

Cell Membrane-Controls movement into and out of the cell.

Cytoplasm-Most chemical reactions take place here.

Ribosomes-Where protein synthesis happens.

Mitochondria-Where respiration takes place. Found in the cytoplasm. The number of mitochondria found in the cytoplasm is proportional to the amount of energy needed.

Nucleus-Controls what the cell does and contains the genetic information. Has a membrane extending from it onto which ribosomes are attached.

Plant cell:

Cell Wall-Made of cellulose, this strengthens the cell.

Chloroplasts-Contains chlorophyll which absorbs light energy to make food.

Vacuole-Filled with cell sap, it helps to support the cell.

The strucures which are found in the animal cells are also found in plant cells.

Some cells are specialised to do a particular job.

Root Hair Cells-have tiny hair-like structure which increases the surface area of water and ions more efficiently.

Palisade Cells-column-shaped cells on the upper surface of the leaf. They are packed with chloroplasts for photosynthesis.

Xylem-cells are long, thin, hollow, cells, that contain no cytoplasm. They transport water through the stem and root.