Cells

1. All living things are made of cells

2. Cells can either prokaryotes or eukaryotes. Eukaryotes cells are complex and include all animals and plant cells. Prokaryotes cells are smaller and simpler, e.g. bacteria.

3. Eukaryotes are organisms that are made up of eukaryotic cells.

4. A prokaryote is a prokaryotic cell.

Animal Cells:

The different parts of a cell are called subcellular structures.

Most animal cells have the following subcellular structure:

1. Nucleus- contains genetic material that controls the activities of the cell.

2. Mitochondria - these are where most of the reaction for aerobic respiration takes place. Respiration transfers energy that the cell needs to work.

3. Cytoplasm- Gel-like substance where most of the chemical reactions happen. It contains enzymes that control these chemical reactions.

4. Cell membrane- Holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out

5. Ribosomes - These are where proteins are made in the cell.

Plant Cells:

Plant cells usually have all the bits that animals cell have, plus a few extra things that animal cells don't have;

1. Rigid cell wall - Made of cellulose. It supports the cell and strengthens it

2. Chloroplasts - these are where photosynthesis occurs, which makes food for the plant. They contain a green substance called chlorophyll, which absorbs the light needed for photosynthesis.

3. Permanent Vacuole - Contains cell sap, a weak solution of sugar and salts.