cell structure
cell structure
- Created by: vicki garlick
- Created on: 07-05-11 10:20
cell structure
nucleus
structure- large usually spherical bound by a double membrane with many pores
function- site where DNA is arranged into chromasomes and responsible for cell division and protein synthesis
Nuclear envelope
this surrounds the nucleus and is the double membrane
rough endoplasmic reticulum
it is a extensive membrane system with tubes and cavitys and ribosomes attatched
it is also the site for protein synthesis
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
membrane system with small cavities and no ribosomes attached
it is involved in the synthesis of lipids and found in small patches of cytoplasm
golgi appartaus
it consists of a stack of membrane bound sacs called cisternae. they are pinched of a golgi vesicles
it modifies substances made in the cell before they are secreted
ribosomes
very small and are made of one large and one small subunit. present in the cytopalsm or attached to RER
they are used in proteinsynthesis where condesation reactions join amino acids together
mitochondria
they are rodd shape, with a smooth outer membrane and folded inner membrane
they are involved in aerobic respiration and most of the cells ATP is made here
lysosmes
a round organelle with no clear internal structure surrounded by a membrane
they contain digestive enzymes and are kept seperate from the cytoplasm by the membrane and can digest invading cells or break down worn out compounds
chloroplasts
they are flattened disk bound by 2 membranes and are the site of photosynthesis containing chlorophyll
they are found in photosynthesising tissue
plasma membrane
this is a boundary to all cells
it controls what enters and leaves the cell. proteins attched to the membrane play a part in cell recognition
centrioles
small hollow cylinders containing microtubles
these are involved in the seperation of chromasomes during cell division
flagella
stick out from the cell surface and are surrounded by a plasma membrane have 2 microtubles in the middle
the microtubles contract to allow the flagella to move and propel the cell forward
cilia
they are small and hair like and found on the surface membrane of animal cells- same microtubles as flagella
microtubles allow cilia to move, and the movement is used to move substances along the cell surface
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