Metal oxides and metal hydroxides are bases. A few bases are soluble in water, and are called alkelis, e.g sodium hydroxide and calcium hyrdroxide.
Neautralisation takes place when an acid and a base react to make salt and water. The word equation for neautralisation is; acid+base=salt+water
some indicators show a sudden colour change at one pH value. Universal indicator shows a gradual range of colour changes, as it contains a mixture of different indicators.
In solution, all acids contain H+ irons (hydrogen ions). The pH of an acid is determined by the concentration of H+ ions - the higher the concentration the lower the pH. Neutralisation leaves no free H+ ions.
Alkalis contain OH- ions (hydroxide ions)
Neutalisation involves this reaction;
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