Biology Unit 3

• Arteries - Thick tubes carrying oxygenated blood from the heart to the extremities and organs. (Carry rich blood from the heart)
• Capillaries - The fine branches of arteries or veins which supply blood to the bodies extremities.
• Veins - The thinner tubes carrying the deoxygenated blood back to the heart. (Carry poor blood to the heart)

Lungs (covered in tiny Alveoli) and the small intestine (covered in tiny Villi) are adapted to work better as they both have a large, moist and thin surface area with a good blood supply.

• Active Transport - The movement of particles from a lower concentration to a higher concentration. (Against the concentration gradient)
• Diffusion - The movement of particles from a higher concentration to a lover concentration.

kidney Transplants Give the patient the opertunity to lead their normal lives with no special diets, the new kidney will last for roughly 9 years. There is a risk that your body will reject the new kidney though and you have to take anti-rejection medicine for the rest of your life, you must also find a close tissue match.

Dialysis is an alternative to having a transplant and means that your blood is cleaned by a machine it requires a special diet and you must be on the dialysis machine for 8 hours a day, after a while of dialysis your body may find it a strain.

• Haemoglobin / Oxyhaemoglobin - Transports oxygen through the blood stream.
• Plasma - Carries the blood cells.
• Platelets - Forms clotts to stop bleeding.

Aerobic respiration is respiration which requires the use of oxygen.

Anaerobic respiration is respiration which does not require the use of oxygen.