Biology Study Notes

Families have certain characteristics which then get passed on from generation to generation.

The shape of the eyes and nose and hair colour have been inherited (passed on from their parents)

Your resemblance is due to genetic information passed on to you in the sex cells (gametes) from which you develop

This process determines what you will look like.

The nucleus contains the plans or blue print for making and organizing a new cell.

Each organism has a different number of chromosomes in their nuclei.

-Humans have 46 chromosomes, 23 pairs.

-Turkeys have 82 chromosomes, 41 pairs.

X and Y are the sex chromosomes (no.23)

To determine of you're a boy or a girl.

Important to any living organisms as this is how genetic information gets passed on from parent to offspring.

-Two different ways of reproducing:

-Asexual reproduction

-Sexual reproduction

Asexual:

Only involves 1 parent

Sexual:

-involves 2 parents

-needs the joining of a male sex cell and a female sex cell from 2 different parents.

-Sexual reproduction involves the joining of different genetic information.
-Results in every offspring being unique , different. (Variation)
-Each pair of gene affects different characteristic.
-But, genes in a pair can come in different forms.
-Most things about a personare controlled by different pairs of genes.
-Some charcteristics are likely controlled by one gene with two possible alleles.