Biology B1 Gcse

Protiens

• Found in foods: eggs,nuts,meat and chicken 
• They build new tissues
• Needed for growing
• Needed to repair tissues
• Are made up of Amino acids -  Bilding blocks that builf protiens in your body     

Carbohydrates

• Found in foods  : Rice,pasta,potatos and sugars 
• To provide energy
• sugar- energy is quickly provided
• Rice,pasta,potatos - Energy is slowly provided 

      Water

• Chemical reactions take place in body in a watery environment                                                

Fats

• Found in foods : Butter and oils   
• To provide stored energy 

Fibre

• Found in foods: Fruit and vegetables 
• Not a nutrient 
• Not taken in by the body or blood
• Helps prevent constipation ( When you can't remove faeces from your body,Fibre helps it to be removed correctly) 

Vitamins and Minrals 

• Healthy funtioning of body 
• Are needed - otherwise leads to sufferring of dificency disease.

A balanced diet stops you from suffering malnutrition

Malnutrition = Over weight or Under weight 

• If you take in more energy but use less energy = Put on weight
• If you use more energy than taken in =Lose weight

The total of chemical reactions taking place in your body requiring energy

High Metabolism                                                                                  Low Metabolism

Does loads                                           =   Exercise       =                     Doesn't do a lot

Inherited gens                                      =  Genetics        =                      Inherited gens

High proportion of muscle to fat        =  Muscle | Fat   =             Low proportion of muscle to fat

Males (Generally)                                =   Gender    =                   Females (Generally) 

Cholesterol is linked to Malnutrition 

• Type of fat which is required in the body 
• It provides stability in every cell of your body.
• A substance made by the liver.
• Found in the blood.
• The amount produced depends on diet and inherited factors.
• High levels increase risk of disease in the heart and blood vessels & blocked arteries

Process:

1.High level of cholesterol 

2.cholesterol blocking arteries

3. Restricting the amount of blood that can flow through arteries

4. Leads to heart attack 

Type 2 diabetes is linked to Overweight

• Disease were you cannot control blood sugar 
• Result of Insulin not being  recognised  by  cells in the body

                       or 

•  Result of Insulin not working with the cells in the body to take sugar out of the blood 

    =        Problems in body  linked to diabetes 

Cholesterol is carried around the body by 2 types

• LDL (Low density lipoprptein) 
• LDLs are ‘bad’ and can cause  blocked artiries and heart disease
• HDL (high-density lipoproteins) 
• HDl are 'good' and they get cholestrol out of the body                                                                        =Balancing these is important to having a healthy heart.
• Saturated fats increase blood cholesterol levels. e.g. Butter
• Unsaturated/ Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats may help both to reduce blood cholesterol levels and used improve the balance between LDLs and HDLs. e.g.Oils