Biology B1.1.1 Diet and Exercise All the information you'll need, taken directly from the specification. 4.5 / 5 based on 4 ratings ? BiologyRespiration and exerciseGCSEAQA Created by: Shannon Tennant-Smith - Team GRCreated on: 10-10-11 16:36 The four main nutrients Carbohydrates - For energy Fats - For energy and insulation Protein - Builds new cells (cell regeneration) Fibre - For digestion 1 of 8 Metabolic Rate The rate at which chemical reactions take place in the body. Can be affected by: Disease health age gender inherited factors 2 of 8 Body Mass BMI = mass/(height)2 Ways to reduce body mass: surgery exercise balanced diet low fat/ low calorie foods burn more energy than you take in 3 of 8 Anorexia and Obesity Anorexia is caused by: excessive exercise undereating laxative intake Obesity is caused by: overeating lack of exercise 4 of 8 Type 2 Diabetes and High Blood Pressure Type 2 Diabetes is caused by: High fat intake High sugar intake (Low glucose levels in the body tell you to restore these levels) High Blood Pressure (Hypertension) is caused by: high salt intake high fat intake 5 of 8 Cholesterol A substance which is made in the liver and carried in the blood. Depends on how well your liver works and on your fat intake. Can reduce or block your blood flow and increase the risk of heart disease. Carried in 2 types of lipoproteins, which depend on different types of fats. 6 of 8 Lipoproteins High Density Lipoprotein (HDLs) = 'Good' cholesterol Low Density Lipoprotein (LDLs) = 'Bad' cholesterol You need a balance of both. 7 of 8 Fats Polyunsaturated fat - improve the balance of LDLs and HDLs Monounsaturated fat - reduces cholesterol and improves balance of LDLs and HDLs Saturated fat - Increases level of cholesterol 8 of 8
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