Energy is defined as 'the ability to do work':
i. It takes a variety of different forms-heat, light, sound, electrical, magnetic, mechanical, chemical, atomic, etc.
ii. It can be changed from one form to another.
iii. It cannot be created or destroyed.
iv. It is measured in joules (J).
The flow of energy through living systems occurs in three stages:
1. Light energy from the Sun is converted by plants into chemical energy during photosynthesis.
2. The chemical energy from photosynthesis, in the form of organic molecules, is converted into ATP during respiration in all cells.
3. ATP is used by all cells to perform useful work.
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