Biology 3 - Regulating the human and natural environments

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  • Created by: Alice
  • Created on: 01-04-15 13:59

Animals

Animals need to regulate their internal environment by getting rid of wastes like urea and carbon dioxide, and maintaining constant internal conditions.

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Homeostasis

Homeostasis is the process where animals maintain constant internal levels for body temperature, water, ions, and sugar.

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The Kidney

The kidney is an organ that filters wastes like urea from the blood and regulates the levels of water and ions in the blood.

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Kidney failure

Kidney failure leads to a build-up of toxic wastes like urea, which can be fatal.

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Kidney Transplants

Kidney transplants replace the damamged kidney but the transplanted kidney must be matched by tissue typing, to avoid rejection.

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The Skin

The skin is the organ involved in temperature control.

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Overheating

Overheating is prevented by sweating, haires lying flat, and vasodilation.

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Overcooling

Overcooling is prevented by shivering, insulation, and vasoconstriction.

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Blood glucose levels

Blood glucose levels are controlled by the hormones insulin and glucagon.

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Diabetes

Diabetes is a condition where insulin is not made, resulting in a failure to control the blood glucose level.

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Human Population

The human population is increasing, which is putting extra demand on the Earth's resources.

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Human impact

Humans release pollutants into the air and water from agriculture, towns, and industry.

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Deforestation

Deforestation is the process of removing large areas of natural woodland.
This can result in an increase in carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere, and loss of habitat.

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Greenhouse gases

Carbon dioxide, and methane from rice fields and cattle, are greenhouse gases that lead to global warming.

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Biofuels

Biofuels are fuels from biological materials, which do not contribute to global warming.

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Food Production

Humans are increasing food production to feed the increasing population by producing protein foods from fungi like mycoprotein.

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Food chains

Farming methods can be made energy efficient by reducting energy losses in food chains.

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Overfishing

Overfishing had led to dwindling fish stocks.
Governments introduced quotas and changes to nets to prevent overfishing.

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