Biology 2d Movement of substances into and out of cells

Diffusion:
Is from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration. Or from low to high. No energy required.

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Osmosis= the movement of water

                    Membrane 
Dillute solution ---> Concentrated solution  

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Hypotonic

• Water in
• Volume of cell increases
• Burst – lysis

Isotonic

• Equal movement
• Volume constant

Hypertonic

• Water out
• Volume decreases
• Shrink

This can be done through an increase in surface area.  As the surface area increases  the movement of substances into the cell will increase.

Temperature is another factor which can increase the rate of reaction. Because if there is an increase in the average kinetic energy. Therefore more substances move into the cell.

Concentration Gradients this can be done by increasing the glucose solution. This increases the rate of diffusion.

Cells remain turgid when water present. Will give the wall of the cell support, this is seen when the plant is up straight. If the plant cannot take up water the volume in the cytoplasm decreases, which result in no support and therefore the plant bends.