Biology 2b

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  • Created by: Lorna
  • Created on: 11-02-13 18:51

What are enzymes?

Enzymes are catalysts produced by living things.

Living things produce enzymes to be biological catalysts. We only have enzymes to speed up chemical reactions in the body.

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What is a Catalyst?

A catalyst is a substance which increases the speed of a reaction, without being changed or used up in the reaction.

An enzyme is a catalyst produced by living things.

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What do enzymes need?

The right temperature and pH

Higher temperatures usually increase the rate of reaction. When temperatures exceed the optimum rate, the bonds holding the enzyme together break. It destroys the enzyme's special shape and the enzyme is denatured.

Work best at 37 degrees C in the human body.

pH interfers with the bonds holding the enzyme together. Enzymes usually work best at ph7.

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Amylase

converts starch into sugars

made in :

  • salivary glands
  • pancreas
  • small intestine
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Protease

converts protein into amino acids

Made in:

  • small intestine
  • pancreas
  • stomach
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Lipase

converts lipids (fats and oils) into glycerol and fatty acids

made in:

  • pancreas
  • small intestine
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