Bernstein's Something's Coming- West Side Story

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Important Information

What year was West Side Story written?

Answer: 1958 (20th century)

What style of music is it influenced by?

Answer: Jazz

What play is it based on?

Answer: Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet

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Instrumentation

  • Use of a large orchestra
  • The bass clarinet and clarinet play a riff at the start
  • Especial use of trumpets on the phrase 'cannonballing...'
  • Imitation between instrumental parts
  • The strings play tremolo and harmonies to the melody
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Structure

There are 6 main sections:

  • 1-Intro: vamp bars, repeated riff
  • 2- A Section: 2 main melodic ideas + repeat
  • 3- B Section: 3 main melodic ideas + repeat
  • 4- B1 Section: 3 main melodic ideas with no repeat
  • 5- A1 Section: 2 main melodic ideas with no repeat
  • 6- Outro: no cadence
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Melody and Word-setting

There are 3 main melodic ideas:

  • 'Something's due....' - push rhythms, syncopated, repeated riff idea, syllabic word-setting, rising and falling melody, use of 7ths and tritones just before 'who knows', blues note at the end of the melodic idea (jazzy feeling)
  • 'Cannonballing...' - repeated note idea, syllabic word-setting, un-syncopated (unlike the rest of the piece)
  • 'Around the corner...' - longer note values, straight rhythms, syllabic word-setting, higher tessitura (pitch), arc shaped melody line
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Texture

The texture is mainly homophonic. There are 3 main ideas in the accompaniment:

  • The repeated riff that opens the song.
  • The short, syncopated chords.
  • A fast, um-cha accompaniment.
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Rhythm, Metre and Tempo

  • Metre changes between 2/4 and 3/4.
  • Changes of metre, a fast tempo and the use of a lot of syncopation maintains a feeling of excitement and anticipation. 
  • Use of cross-rhythms throughout (for example in the intro).
  • Accompaniment is made up of an off-beat bassline, which constantly pushes forward a 'push rhythm', and offbeat chords. 
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Harmony and Tonality

  • Written in D Major although there are 2 contrasting sections in C Major (heard in bars 32-72 and 106-127)
  • Use of tritone which is an interval of 3 whole tones, e.g. C-F#.
  • Last note of the entire piece is a flattened 7th which remains unsolved and creates a feeling of incompletion.
  • The harmony is jazz influenced.
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