Batch and continuous processes

Advantages:

• Cost effective for small quantities
• Low capital costs for the plant
• Different products can be made using the same vessel

Disadvantages:

• Filling, emptying and cleaning reaction vessel is time-consuming
• May require a large workforce
• Contamination possible if different products are being made

Advantages:

• Suited to high-tonnage products
• Can operate for months at a time without needing to be shut-down
• More easily automated, so workforce can be smaller

Disadvantages:

• Less flexible - usually designed to make one product
• Much higher capital costs in building the plant
• Not cost effective if run below full capacity