Mammals have one circuit that links the heart and lungs
The other circuit links the heart with the rest of the body
This system increases the flow of blood to the tissues
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What does blood carry to the muscles?
glucose moleclues
oxygen
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What does blood carry away from the muslces?
Waste products
Carbon dioxide
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What do red blood cells do?
Transprot oxygen
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What do white blood cells do?
Protect agianst disease by fighting infections
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What do platelets do?
Clot the blood at points of injury
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What does plasma do?
Plasma transports dissolved substances around the body- this includes
Hormones
Antibodies
Nuitrience e.g. water, glucose, amino acids, minerals and vitamins
Waste substances e.g. Carbon dioxide and urea
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How have red blood cells adapted?
Small size- allowing blood to pass through narrow capillaries
Flatterend disk shape- provides large surface area allowing rapid difusion of oxygen
Contains haemoglobin- haemoglobin absorbs oxygen in the lungs and releases oxygen in the rest of the body
Does not contain a nuclues- increses amount of space for haemoglobin
Having a biconcave shape- increases surface area for oxyen exchange
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What are the main features of the heart?
Left and Right atria and vebtricles
vena cava
aorta
pulmonary vein
pulmonary artery
coronary arteries and valves
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Function of valves in the heart and veins
Valves prevent backwards flow in the heart and veins
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Use of tissue fluid
Tissue fluid is formed in capilary beds and that it assist the exchange of chemicals by deffusion between capilaries and tissues, to incluse oxygen carbon dioxide, glucose and urea.
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