B4 Keywords

The part of an enzyme where the reacting molecules fit into. Each active site has a specific shape for different types of reacting molecules

Active Transport is where molecules are moved in or out of a cell using energy. This process is used when transport needs to be faster than diffusion, and when molecules are being moved from a region where they are at low concentration to where they are at high concentration

Pigments in the Chloroplasts which give them their green colour

Parts of a plant cell which absorb Sunlight and take in Water and Carbon Dioxide for Photosynthesis. When Photosynthesis is complete, these release Oxygen and Glucuse.

Protective layer of a Leaf which protects the cells

An enzyme is said to be denatured when its active site changes shape due to Temperature or pH level

Dispersion of Chemicals from an area of High Concentration to an area of Lower Concentration

Proteins that speeds up chemical reactions in living things

Top layer of cells in a Leaf

Contains the Upper Palisade layer of cells in a Leaf

Specialised parts of any cell containing the Enzymes needed for Respiration. Also contains a Highly Folded inner membrane in order to absorb more Glucose and Oxygen for Aerobic Respiration

The temperature at which enzymes work fastest

The diffusion of water across a partially permeable membrane

Layer of Plant Cells in a Leaf containing the most Chloroplasts

A membrane that acts as a barrier to some molecules, but allows others to diffuse freely

A chemical reaction in the Chloroplasts of plant cells which allow plants to make their own food using sunlight

Carbon Dioxide + Water à Glucose + Oxygen

  6CO₂ + 6H₂O à C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

A reaction in cells which release energy for the cell to use. There are 2 types of respiration:

Aerobic: Glucose + Oxygen à Carbon Dioxide + Water (+ENERGY)

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ à 6CO₂ + 6H₂O (+ATP)

Anaerobic: ANIMAL CELLS AND BACTERIA -- Glucose à Lactic acid

PLANT CELLS AND YEAST -- Glucose à Alcohol and Carbon Dioxide

Long chains of Glucose molecules which is stored by Plants for Respiration

Gaps in a Leaf where Carbon Dioxide is absorbed for Photosynthesis and where Oxygen Diffuses into the air