Geography: Natural Case Studies

1997

• Groynes= Stop LSD South to north
• Regrading
• Recurved Seawall=Protect soft London clay

1998

• Breakwater= 300 tonnes of Leicester granite around the Tower =£167000

1999

• Beach Replenishment= additional sand from Harwich Harbour

1998=FLOOD

2002

• Embankment= 10m high in Weedon

2003

• Warning System improved = Far Corron residents 2 hour notice

2007

• Washland= stores 1.2million m^3 water in Upton
• Embankment= 6m high on A45
• Flood Walls= 4m high at Foot Meadow (protect railway)

12 Jan 2010= Magnitude 7= Caribbean+NA plate= 25km west Port-Au-Prince

Social

• 200,000 dead
• 1.5 million homeless
• 3 million affected

Environment/Economic

• 30,000 buildings collapsed
• 1 in 3 buildings destroyed
• Farmland subducted

Reasons

• Control flooding
• Impove navigation/shipping
• Generate electricity

Negatives

• 1.4 million people displaced from their homes
• Landslides=54 people dead
• Yangtze Dolphin=Extinct

Positives

• Protects 1,500,000 hectares of farmland
• Shipping has improved by 40 billion tonnes a year
• Generates electricity equivalent to 18 power stations

GAP

• Regulates flow of Tigris and Euphrates
• $32 billion project to build 21 dams

Problems

• Turkey "the flow of water is more constant"
  • Syria= 30BCM/Y--->16BCM/Y
  • Iraq= 6BCM/Y--->5BCM/Y
• Quality downstream decreases due to chemicals for pesticides/fertilisers
• Iraq=74% of irrigated areas suffer from salinity