B3 Keywords

Gene - Length of DNA that codes for a characteristic/protein.

Genetic code - Coded information within the DNA of an organism that controls the proteins made by its cells, so controlling its characterisitcs and how it develops. 

Base pairs - Pairs of DNA bases; A pairs with T and C pairs with G.

Proteins - Large molecules (polymers) made of many amino acids joined together. Proteins have many functions, including structural (as in muscle), hormones, antibodies, and enzymes. 

Complementary base pairing - Pairing between DNA bases; A with T and C with G. Their shapes fit together; they are complimentary.

Base triplet - Sequence of three DNA bases in a gene, that specifies a particular amino acid's position in the protein. 

Ribosomes - Structures in the cytoplasm of the cell, where proteins are assembled. 

mRNA - Messenger RNA: a single-stranded molecule that carries a copy of the genetic code from the cell nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where proteins are assembled. 

Structural protein - Protein that makes up the structure of an organism; for example, collagen is a structural protein that occurs in skin, bone, and blood vessel walls.

Hormone - Chemical made by a gland and carried in the blood to its target organ(s)

Carrier protein - Protein, such as haemoglobin, that carries something.