Some microorganisms pass enzymes out of their cells
These can be used in industry. Examples are:
- Biological detergents - contain proteases and lipase that digest food stains. They work at lower temperatures than ordinary washing powders which reduces energy use and cost.
- Proteases - used to pre-digest proteins in some baby food so that babies can still get the nutrients they need.
- Isomerase - converts glucose syrups into fructose syrup. The fructose is much sweeter so less is needed to sweeten a food, making it less fattening.
- Carbohydrases - convert starch into sugar syrup to sweeten food
Disadvantages of using enzymes include:
- If they are misused theycan cause allergic reaction on the skin
- They can cost a lot to produce
- They denature at the high temperatures needed to kill the pathogens in the clothing
- Some fabrics - like wool - can be digested by the proteases
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