Autism 0.0 / 5 ? Early Years Care and EducationAutismatypical developmentintroduction to psychologyUniversityAll boards Created by: JessCreated on: 19-05-15 10:20 Introduction Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are an example of atypical development variety of conditions and treatments which this essay will discuss in detail 1 of 5 1) What is ASD? on a spectrum - different varieties, varying in severity Kanner (1943) - Classic Autism children have little or no language don't socialise, interact and play like other children their age stereotyped behaviours global learning difficulties distinct from other ASD - display signs before age 3 Another ASD condition is Aspergers named after Hans Asperger who first described it in 1944 characterised by social isolation and eccentric behaviour in childhood impairments in 2-way social interaction and non-verbal communication although grammatical, speech is peculiar - abnormalities in inflection and repetitive pattern clumsiness is prominent as are obdsessional behaviours which Jordan (2002) says is more common in boys than girls different to high-ability autism as onset is usually later and the outlook generally more positive 2 of 5 2) Diagnosis concerned parent takes child to GP who then refers to a specialist specialist could be a psychologist, psychiatrist, paediatrician or speech and language therapist generally these specialists then carry out an assessment check for physical disorders fins out info from family and school about child's development a focussed observation may take placein which individual performs tasks whilst specialist observes them based on these findings the specialist may then diagnose an ASD condition 3 of 5 3) Incidence and Therapies according to NHS, 1 in 100 people suffer from an ASD incidence is increasing Morton et al (2005) suggest this is because improved case finding increasing public awareness broader diagnosis criteria treatment depends on the individual classic autism requires the teaching of life skills and affective communication system as early as possible other treatments include speech and language therapy Applied Behavioural Analysis (ABA) involves breaking down skills into small, discrete tasks which are taught in a structured and hierachal way 4 of 5 4) Explanations no one theory of autism lots of suggestions, some of which have been discredited old theories include a variation of schizophrenia and inadequate parenting more recent suggestion was that some vaccines - especially MMR - caused ASD discounted due to lack of evidence however evidence from twin studies suggest it could be genetic genes have not yet been identified another possibility is opioid excess theory desmorphine only found in autistic children and on the backs of the poison dart frog Whilst there is no answer yet, large amount of funding and research goes into ASD due to the large percentage of people it effects explanation could be found in the near future 5 of 5
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