AS Physical Education

Anatomy and Physiology

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  • Created by: Jake
  • Created on: 19-05-11 08:59

Synovial joint

Name the feature and functions of a synovial joint

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Synovial Fluid to Lubricate the articular cartilage

Synovial membrane that lines the joint capsule to secrete synovial fluid

Pads of fat to cushion between the joint capsule and the bone/muscle

Ligaments by joining bone to bone it adds joint stability

Joint capsule adds stability to the joint

Bursa a sac filled with synovial fluid located between tendons/ ligaments and bone this reduces friction

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11 Types of movement

Name the 11 types of movement

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Flexion, Extension

Abduction, Adduction

Rotation, Circumduction

Lateral Flexion

Plantar flexion, Dorsi flexion

Supination, Pronation

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Muscles

Name the Quadriceps and the Hamstrings

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Quadriceps: Rectus femoris, Vastus lateralis, Vastus intermedius, Vastus medialis

Hamstrings: Biceps Femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus

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Warm up

Effects of a warm up

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Increase Body Temperature

Increased speed and force of contraction

Improved economy of movement, because of lower viscous resistance in a warm muscle

Haemoglobin releases oxygen in muscle tissue more readily

Increased flexibility

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Cool down

Effects of a cool down

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Lowering the core body temperature

Faster removal of waste products such as lactic acid and carbon dioxide

Ruduction in delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS) caused by connective tissue damage

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Motion

3 types of motion

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Linear Motion

Angular Motion

General Motion

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