AS - Digital Technology
- Created by: bswann776
- Created on: 28-10-16 11:28
HTTP
What is HTTP?
- HyperText Transfer Protocol.
- HTTP is a protocol.
- Protocol; A set of rules.
- Defines the process of identifying, requesting and transferring web pages over the internet.
- Webpages are constructed using HTML.
- A secure variant of this is HTTPS.
INTERNET
What is the inernet?
- A global communicatios system linking computers in seperate geographical locations via a variety of telecomunications.
- EG; Telphone lines; Satellites.
- It allows fast communications between devices.
- EG; Mobile Phones; PDA'S.
- Any computers with can be linked by having...
- Common technical standards.
- Common identification system.
- Common reference system.
IP ADDRESS
What is an IP address?
- Internet Protocol.
- Each computer has a physical address and and IP address (number).
- Uniquely identifies the computer linked to the internet.
- Domain Name Server converts a domain name to a IP address.
- EG; 158.152.1.58
- Static IP address - a computer connected to the internet all the time.
- Dynamic IP address - assigned when logging in on a range of allocated computers. This can differ on subsequent log-ins.
WEB BROWSER
What is a Web Browser?
- The application running on a users computer.
- Requests text and graphics on a web page.
- Assembles webpages for display.
- EG; Microsoft Internet Explorer; Google Chrome; Apple Safari.
- Allows page addresses to be saved as a bookmark/favourite.
WEBPAGE
What is a webpage?
- A 'document' accessed in a browser.
- Contains: text; graphics; audio; video.
- Elements such as graphics are loaded into the page by the users browser by the URL.
- Streaming may be used for larger files such as videos.
WEBSITE
What is a website?
- A collection of webpages at the same domain.
- Maintained by a single individual/organization.
- Users can navigate through pages using hyperlinks.
WWW
What is WWW?
- World Wide Web
- A collection of information on a computer connected to the internet.
- Information is stored in websites in the form of a webpage.
- Searching the WWW for information is known as 'surfing'.
URL
What is a URL?
- Uniform Resource Locator.
- A unique address for referring to resources on the internet.
- EG; http://CCEA.org.uk/DigitalTechnology.html
- Protocol: http://
- Domain Name: CCEA.org.uk
- Extension: DigitalTechnology.html
- Internet resources are generally accessed by clicking on hpyerlinks rather than using the URL.
- http:// - the most common protocol.
CACHE
What is a Cache?
- A store of recently searched websites.
- Kept by a browser.
- It can be loaded from a local copy wth no internet.
- Pages reloaded from the cache will appear identical to the last visit.
ISP
What is ISP?
- Internet Server Provider.
- An organisation which has direct links to the internet.
- It accepts transmissions from users over dial-up/broadband.
- EG; Sky; BT; EE
COOKIES
What are cookies?
- Small files placed on the hard drive of a users computer.
- Personal information is stored and does not have to be reentered.
- Users can block cookies if they feel unsure about what information is being gathered about them.
PORTAL
What is a portal?
- Website designed to be one the user will want to visit first.
- Sites offer services that users oftned need.
- EG; Search Facilities; News Updates.
- Allows users to create a customized webpge.
WEB HOSTING
What is a web hosting service?
- A type of internet hosting service which allows websites accessible via the WWW.
- Web hosting services are owned/leased by servers for client use.
- They can also provide data centre space and connectivity to the internet.
FTP
What is FTP?
- File Transfer Protocol
- Most common protocol to move files across the internet.
- Users request files to be downlaoded form the server which holds that file.
- Flies can be sent to the server by the user.
- Passwords and usernames ar required as files and folders are available to all FTP users.
SEARCH ENGINE
What is a search engine?
- An application accessed over the intenet that stores webpages indexes.
- Users submit a topic(s) when searching for information.
- The search engines compares this with webpages and generates a page of hyperlinkks (relevant websites).
- Search engines rank webpages to provide the most relevant.
WEB SERVER
What is a web server?
- A web server provides internet pages for other computers.
- Often provides a cache of web pages.
- EG: pages are stored so they can be suppleid without delay at a later time.
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