Who? Ancient Greek Philospher. Was the 1st EMPIRCIST: Used observation via senses as a route to knowledge. Arguement regarding the Prime Mover is still used as an argurment for God's existence. MATERIALIST: Believes only the body and this current life
What? THE FOUR CAUSES: Aristole was trying to explain the world around him. Looked at the world around him and asked, what causes something to be as it is? Conculded: 4 different causes to explain everything in the world
1. Material cause: What's it made of?
2. Efficient cause: How does it happen? (The actualising of potential)
3. Formal cause: What are it's charactersitics?
4. Final cause: What is it for?
Final cause& Goodness- Most important aspect of his thinking- Objects have ultimate reason for their existence. The "teleology" of a thing, when realised, gives tht thing its full perfection& reality. When something is doing what it is meant to- has achieved goodness
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