- Aerobic respiration is carried in mitochondria in our cells to provide energy:
=glucose + oxygen ---> carbon dioxide + water + (energy)
- The tail of a sperm cell is packed with mitochondria to enable it to swim the long distance to the egg.
- Breathing allows the diffusion of oxygen into the body for respiration and removal of waste carbon dioxide out of the body via the alveoli in the lungs.
- The dissolved gases are carried round the body in the blood.
- Released energy is used: to build large molecules from small ones, by plant to build sugars, nitrates and other nutrients into amino acids, then proteins, by mammals and birds to maintain a steady body temperature, by animals to make muscles contract.
- Excess amino acids are broken down by the into the urea. The kidneys make urine, which contains dissolved urea.
- The urine is stored in the bladder, then excreted.
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