AQA Chemistry Organic Compounds

Alkanes

• Prefix or Suffix: -ane
• Example: Propane (CH3CH2CH3)
• Functional Group: n/a

Branched Alkanes

• Prefix or Suffix: Alkyl (-yl) -ane
• Example: Methylpropane CH3CH(CH3)CH3
• Functional Group: n/a

Alkenes

• Prefix or Suffix: -ene
• Example: Propene (CH3CH=CH2)
• Functional Group: C=C

Alcohols

• Prefix or Suffix: -ol
• Example: Ethanol (CH3CH2OH)
• Functional Group: -OH

Aldehydes

• Prefix or Suffix: -al
• Example: Ethanal (CH3CHO)
• Functional Group: -CH=O

Ketones

• Prefix or Suffix: -one
• Example: Propanone (CH3COCH3)
• Functional Group: -C(=O)-

Esters

• Prefix or Suffix: alkyl (-yl) -oate
• Example: Propyl Ethanoate (CH3COOHCH2CH2CH3)
• Functional Group: -C(=O)-O-

Carboxylic Acids

• Prefix or Suffix: -oic Acid
• Example: Ethanoic Acid (CH3COOH)
• Functional Group: -C(=O)-OH

Cycloalkanes

• Prefix or Suffix: Cyclo-_____ -ane
• Example: Cyclohexane (C6H12)
• Functional Group: n/a

Arenes

• Prefix or Suffix: Phenyl- or -benzene
• Example: Ethylbenzene (C6H5C2H5)
• Functional Group: Benzene Ring

Amines

• Prefix or Suffix: -amine (primary), di-____-amine (secondary), tri-____-amine (tertiary)
• Examples: Primary: Methylamine (CH3NH2), Secondary: Dimethylamine ((CH3)2NH), Tertiary: Trimethylamine (N(CH3)3)
• Functional Group: Primary: -NH2, Secondary: -N(H)-, Tertiary: -N(-)-

Acyl Chlorides

• Prefix or Suffix: -oyl Chloride
• Example: Ethanoyl Chloride (CH3COCl)
• Functional Group: -C(=O)-Cl