AQA A2 Unit 5 - Periodicity 3.5.2

Metallic Structure.
(can conduct electricity because of delocalised electrons)

Reacts vigorously with water to form NaOH.

Reacts vigorously with oxygen to form its oxide Na2O.

Na2O forms a giant ionic lattice.

pH of oxide in water is 14
(forms NaOH when reacted with water)

Reacts with acids:
With monoprotic acids --> NaX + H2O
With diprotic acids --> Na2X H2O

Metallic Structure.
(can conduct electricity because of delocalised electrons)

Reacts vigorously with steam to form MgO and hydrogen.

Reacts vigorously with oxygen (brilliant white flame) to form its oxide MgO.

MgO forms a giant ionic lattice.

pH of oxide in water is 10
(forms Mg(OH)2 when reacted with water)

Reacts with acids:
MgO + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2O

Metallic Structure.
(can conduct electricity because of delocalised electrons)

Doesn't react with water because of a protective oxide layer.

Powdered aluminium reacts with oxygen to form its oxide Al2O3.

Al2O3 forms a giant ionic lattice with strong covalent character.

pH of oxide in water is 7 and it is amphoteric.
(is insoluble in water)

Reacts with acids and bases:
Al2O3 + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
Al2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O --> 2NaAl(OH)4

Giant Covalent Structure.

Doesn't react with water because of a protective oxide layer.

No reaction with oxygen until 900'C where it forms SiO2.

pH of oxide in water is 7.
(is insoluble in water)

Reacts with bases:
SiO2 + 2NaOH --> Na2SiO3 + H2O

Simple Molecular Structure.

Doesn't react with water.

Reacts spontaneously with oxygen to form its oxide P4O10.

P4O10 forms a molecular structure with covalent bonding.

pH of oxide in water is 0.
(reacts with water to form H3PO4)

Reacts with bases:
P4O10 + 12NaOH --> 4Na3PO4 + 6H2O

Simple Molecular Structure.

It doesn't react with water.

Melts easily in oxygen and burns with a blue flame to form SO2.

SO2 forms a molecular structure with covalent bonding.

pH of oxide in water is 3 for SO2 and 0 for SO3.
(SO2 forms H2SO3 when it reacts with water, SO3 forms H2SO4 when it reacts with water)

Reacts with bases:
SO2 + CaCO3 --> CaSO3 + CO2

Simple Molecular Structure.

It reacts with water to form HCl and HClO (disproportionation).

Doesn't react with oxygen.

Monatomic Structure with Van der Waals forces.

It doesn't react with water.

It doesn't react with oxygen.