AQA A2 Sociology Unit 4 - Crime and Deviance - Control theories

If restraints are weakened, people will resort back to selfish acts (London riots)

Formal control - agencies that maintain order

Informal controls - social interaction through conformity

Hirschi - four crucial social bonds

• Attachement - importance of anothers view
• Commitment - things to lose
• Belief - Strength of morals
• Involvement - life 

Farrington and West 

• Working class men, single parent families with poor socialisation = offenders

Dennis and Erdos 

• Disintergration of extended families and break down of community = lack of social controls

Decline in fatherfigure 

• Weakened controls = deliquent behaviour

Charles Murray - Underclass and community social control

• No desire to work
• Casual sex with multiple partners
• Children outside stable relationships

Foucault - Discipline

• Pre-modern - public and brutal punishement
• Late - Modern - subtle through neighbourhood watch
• Panopticon - 24 hour survelliance ( increases self survelliance in offenders)

Cohen 

• Penetration - control through media and education
• Size and Density - More people involved in neighbourhood watch
• Identity and visability - More people involved in the control of punishment