Animal Health
- Created by: BCDM
- Created on: 18-05-21 17:26
Avian Rhinotracheitis
- Viral Disease
- Transmitted through indirect contact
- Symptoms include Decreased appetite, facial and head sweeling, nasal discharge, weight gain and loss voice.
- Affected by Chickens, Turkeys, Fowls and Pheasants.
- Prevented through vaccination transmitted by spray vaccine, ocula-nasal vaccine or inactivated vaccine.
- Treated by anti-biotics, multivitamins and chlorination of drinking water
Canine Distemper
- Viral disease
- Transmitted by indirect contact
- Symptoms include: Runny nose, vomiting, diaherra, seizures, sensitivity to light, paralysis, salivation and loss of appetite.
- Species affected: Dogs, Coyotes, Foxes, Pandas, Tigers, Lions.
- Prevention includes infected animals in quarantine for several months and routinely clean used surface to prevent any transmission.
- Treated by medication (such as anti-consulvants, fluids, nursing and parental nutrition
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Canine Hepatitis
- Viral Disease
- Spread by indirect contact
- Symptoms include reduced appetite, vomiitng, abdominal pain, fever, lethargy, diarrhoea, red dots and swollen lymphs.
- Species affected Dogs and Foxes
- Prevented by actively immunising puppies until they are 9-12 weeks. Also, prevent dogs from licking urine.
- Vaccination is avaliable
- Treated through hospitalisation and HIV therapy
- Not Zoonotic, nor notifiable
Canine Parvovirus
- Viral disease
- Spread by direct/indirect contact
- Symptoms include lethargy, loss of weight, diaherra. Death if LEFT UNTREATED
- Species affected Dogs, Foxes, Wolves, Cats and Skunks
- Prevented by vaccination at 7-8 weeks, disinfection with bleach diluted to 1:10 ratio, Quarantining and picking up of faeces.
- Vaccination avaliavle w/ annual booster
- Treated with IV fluids, anti-nausea tablets, Blood plasma transfusion and intense hospitalisation.
- Not zoonotic, nor notifiable.
Enterotoxaemia
- Bacterial disease
- Transmitted through vector
- Symptoms include lethargy, loss of appetite, stomach pain, diaherra, inability to stand or lay on side.
- Species affected Sheep and Goats
- Prevented through CD Vaccination, especially with new mothers. Also, do not overfeed or make sudden changes to food.
- Treated with analgesics, oral electrolytes and antisera in mild cases.
- Not zoonotic, nor notifiable
Feline Herpes
- Viral disease
- Transmitted by direct contact
- Symptoms include Eye dischage, Pink eye, sneezing, nasal discharge, drooling, throat pain and irritation.
- Species affected Cats of all kind
- Prevented by quarantining any infected cats, prevent/stop shared use of food bowls and litter trays and cleaning cat-used surfaces.
- Vaccination avaliable through 2-3 injections required by cats, starting at 8 weeks.
- Treated by anti-viral therapy and topical ocular therapy.
- Can be zoonotic
- Not notifiable
Feline Infectious enteritis
- Viral disease
- Transmitted through direct and indirect contact.
- Symptoms include high fever, vomiting, diarrhoea, depression, low apettite and abdominal pain.
- Prevented through avaliable vaccination, two vaccines at 9 and 12 weeks.
- Treatment includes re-hydration, antibiotics, blood transfusions and vitamin supplements.
- Not zoonotic
- Not notifiable
Foot & Mouth Disease
- Viral disease
- Transmitted by direct and indirect contact
- Symptoms include high fever, blisters with secretions of foamy saliva, declining milk production, lameness caused by blisters.
- Vaccination avaliable, albeit immunisation only being temporary, lasting from months to years,
- Prevention includes Culling of sick animals and containment of infected/dead animals to prevent transmission.
- Both zoonotic and notifiable
Infectious Bronchitis
- Viral disease
- Transmitted through direct and indirect contact
- Symptoms include Coughing, sneezing, rattling, catarrhal lesions
- Prevention includes good ventilation, optimal temperature, reduction of concentration of airborne pathogens.
- Vaccination avaliable which induces a mild respiratory condition.
- Not zoonotic
- Not notifiable
Leptospirosis
- Bacterial infection
- Transmitted by direct contact
- Symptoms in animals include local damage to blood vessles, hamorrhages, blood in eye whites.
- Prevneted by Use of PPE, avoiding contact with humans, not allowing dogs to handle/bring in rodents.
- Treated by Antibiotics and Penicillin to kill the causative bacteria.
- Zoonotic disease
- Notifiable disease
Lyme Disease
- Bacterial disease
- Transmitted by vector transmission.
- Symptoms include fever, lameness and lethargy.
- Species affected Dogs, Horses and Cats
- Prevented by frequent checks, use of a tick collar and vaccinations in dogs and cats
- Licensed vaccination requires at 8 weeks or older.
- Treatable with anti-biotics.
- Zoonotic disease
- Not notifiable
Marek's Disease
- Viral disease
- Transmitted through indirect contact
- Symptoms include paralysis, loss of weight, blindness, raised or roughened skin, grey iris.
- Species affected Chickens and Turkeys
- Prevented through good hygeine habits, resistant strains and 'all in and all out production'
- There is no current treatment for Marek's disease
- Zoonotic and Notifiable disease
Myxomatosis
- Viral disease
- Transmitted by vector transmission
- Symptoms include Milky Dischage, small swellings on the skin, lack of appetite and fever.
- Species affected Rabbits
- Vaccination avaliable at 5 weeks or older
- Prevention includes the cleaning of all infected objects and the prevention of domestic to wild rabbit contact.
- Not zoonotic
- Notifiable disease
Orf
- Viral disease
- Transmitted through direct contact
- Symptoms include sores on lips, mouth and muzzle
- Species affected Goats and Sheep.
- Prevented by vaccination, quarantining of infected animals, maintaining a close herd and antiseptic if lesions become secondarily complicated
- Treatment includes quarantining of infected animals and antiseptics.
- Zoonotic disease
- Not notifiable disease
Rabies
- Viral disease
- Transmitted through indirect contact
- Symptoms include aggression, disorientation, loss of appetite, sudden death, seizures and paralysis of the throat/jaw.
- Species affected include Bats, Cats, Cattle, Coyotes and Dogs
- Prevented by vaccination, supervision, no handling wild animals, contracring animal control and washing any wounds.
- Treated by vaccine, multiple injection, Povidone-iodine
- Zoonotic and Notifiable Diseases
Ringworm
- Fungal disease
- Transmitted by Direct and indirect contact
- Symptoms include skin problems, circular, red lesions and rough, brittle claws
- Species affected Dogs, Cats, Catle, Rodents, Avians
- Prevented by regualar cleaning of beddings, regular vacuuming and the disposal of dog faeces.
- Treatment includes creams and ointments and anti-fungal drugs.
- Zoonotic diseases
- Not notifiable
Salmonella
- Bacterial disease
- Transmitted through direct and indirect transmission
- Symptoms include diaherra, vomiting, fever, loss of appetite and abdominal pain/
- Species affected include Dogs, Cats, Horses, Birds and Reptiles
- Prevention includes avoidance of cross-contamination, keep raw poultry seperate and washing food preperation surfaces.
- Treatment includes fluids, anti-biotics, electrolytes, care and anti-microbials.
- Zoonotic
- Not notifiable
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