Explanation 2: THE DECISION MODEL (LATANTE AND DARLEY, 1970) - This model explains why bystanders somtimes do and sometimes don't offer help in an emergency.
Research support includes:
- Stage 2: In an ambigious situation, people are less likely to help (CLARK and WORD, 1972)
- Stage 3: Studies of diffusion of responsibility and pluralistic ignorance (e.g. DARLEY et al., 1973)
- Stage 4: Bystanders trained in first aid are more likely to help (CRAMER et al 1988)
A01: Five stage model:
Before bystanders intervene, they must:
- notice the situation
- interpret it as an emergency
- accept personal responsibility to intervene
- consider what is the best form of intervention
- decide how to implement the intervention
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