AGGRESSION

DIRECT REINFORCEMENT(OPERANT CONDITIONING)

Behaviour shapeed and maintaied though conssequences.

Rewarded behaviour - learned - repeated

Punished behaviour - ignored - not repeated

Being told off for hitting a child vs. receiving a sweet for hitting the child.

INDIRECT REINFORECEMENT (VICARIOUS REINFORCEMENT)

Modelling through observatio of others leaddd to immitations.Models - parents, peers, siblings, media characters.  Most behaviour learned through observing - models aggression rewarded the child repeats

PERCEPTIONS OF CONSEQUENCES DETERMIE BEHAVIOUR

Film shown to 3 - 5 year olds.

COND A. -rewarded fro aggression. COND B. - told off. COND C.- no reward or punishment.

FOUND: children in b were less aggressive on the assumption of being told off if they copy

EVALUATION: question the correaltion of aggresive lay to real life as doesnt involve hitting humans so may act differently - low ecological validy as same amount of harm is inflcited to humans.

Lab experiment - high control(cause and effect) - demand characteristics as doll made for purpose of hitting - threaten internal validity.Easy to replicate - influenced other studies.

Ethics - encourage aggression - long term consequnces.

Explains cultural variations - diff norms and values - anomie shows power if lerarning over bio.

Accout for individual differences - aggressive in certain stuations  - perception of consequences- contexxt dependent learning(behaviour in accordancr to environment)

Ignore bio factors - genetics - concordance rates