Additional Science - Biology - Unit 2 - Specialised Cells

Leaf Cell

Absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.

 
Packed with chloroplasts. Regular shaped, closely packed cells form a continuous layer for effectient absorption of sunlight.  

Root Hair Cell 

Absorbs water and mineral ions from the soil. 

 
Long 'finger-like' process with very thin wall, which gives a large surface area.

Sperm Cell 

Fertilises and egg cell - female gamete

 
The head contains genetic information and an enzyme to help penetrate the egg cell membrane. The middle section is packed with mitochondria for energy. The tail moves the sperm to the egg.

Red Blood Cells 

Contain haemoglobin to carry oxygen to the cells. 

 
Thin outer membrane to let oxygen diffuse through easily. Shape increases the surface area to allow more oxygen to be absorbed efficiently. No nucleus, so the whole cell is full of haemoglobin.