Acylation

?

what are the structures of acid anhydrides

RCOOR'

1 of 7

what is the structure of acyl chlorides

RCOCl

2 of 7

what is the structure of amides

RNH2

3 of 7

how do you name Acyl Chlorides

  • ends in '-oyl chloride'
  • CH3CH3COCl = propanoyl chloride
4 of 7

how do you name acid anhydrides

  • if both the R and R' groups are the same the 'root' of the name only appears once e.g. ethanoic anhydride
  • if the R and R' groups are different, list the roots in alphabetical order e.g. ethanoic propanoic anhydride 
  • name from the original acid 
5 of 7

what nucleophiles react with anhydrides and acyl c

  • water
  • alcohols
  • NH3 (Ammonia)
  • amines (RNH2)
6 of 7

what are the key mark points of nuclephillic mecha

1st arrow from lone pair on nucleophile to the C=O

2nd arrow from the C=O bond onto the oxygen 

3rd arrow from oxygen reforming the C=O double bond 

4th arrow from C-Cl bond onto Cl

5th arrow from Nu-H bond onto the Nu 

7 of 7

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Chemistry resources:

See all Chemistry resources »See all Acylation (carboxylic acids and esters) resources »