Acid Rain and Global Warming
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- Created by: clara.cheung
- Created on: 22-02-19 01:10
Carbon Monoxide
- CO
- produced when fuel burns in a limited amount of air
- passes into red blood cells after breathing it in
- binds strongly to haemoglobin - which is what oxygen binds to in our blood
- red blood cells are unable to carry a deired amount of oxygen
- can cause tiredness, unconsciousness and even death
- red blood cells are unable to carry a deired amount of oxygen
- binds strongly to haemoglobin - which is what oxygen binds to in our blood
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Sulfur Dioxide
- a gas with a sharp chocking smell when burned
- dissolves in water droplets in clouds
- makes the rain more acidic than normal
- forms acid rain
- makes the rain more acidic than normal
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Acid Rain
- damages waxy layer on leaves of trees
- makes it mroe difficult for trees to absorb the minerals needed for healthy growth ad may die
- makes rivers and lakes too acidic for some aquatic animals to live in
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Lichens
- can be used as biological indicators of sulfur dioxide pollution
- grow in exposed places such as rocks or tree bark
- they easily absorb water and nutrients
- rainwater contains just enough nutrients to keep them alive
- air pollutants dissolved in rainwater (especially sulfur dioide) can damage lichens and prevent them from growing
- makes lichens natural indicators of air pollution
- for example
- bushy lichens need really clean air
- leafy lichens can survive a small amount of air pollution
- crusty lichens can survive in more polluted air
- places where no lichens are growing is often a sign that the air is highly pollted with sulfur dioxide
- for example
- makes lichens natural indicators of air pollution
- air pollutants dissolved in rainwater (especially sulfur dioide) can damage lichens and prevent them from growing
- rainwater contains just enough nutrients to keep them alive
- they easily absorb water and nutrients
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Greenhouse Gases
- absorb heat energy and prevent it escaping into space
- keeps the Earth warmer than it would be without these gases
- too much of them in the atmosphere leads to an increase in the greenhouse effect and global warming
- some of the most important greenhouse gases
- wtaer vapour - H2O
- carbon dioxide - CO2
- methane - CH4
- nitrous oxide - N2O
- CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons)
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The Greenhouse Effect
- process of how the greenhouse effect works
- sunlight passes through the Earth's atmosphere
- the ground warms up and heat is emmitted from the Earth's surface
- some heat escapes into space but some is absorbed by greenhouse gases, it is re-emitted and does not escape
- the Earth's atmosphere warms up
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Farming
- farming causes the production of methane and nitrous oxide
- rice paddy fields and cattle produce methane
- as the number of rice fields and cattles increase, the amount of methane in the atmosphere increase as well
- nitrous oxide is rduced from family waste and as a result of using fertilizers for crops
- rice paddy fields and cattle produce methane
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Using Fuels
- fossil fuels can produce carbon dioxide when burned
- deforestation is happening
- fewer trees to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere for photosynthesis
- additional carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere if trees are bruned or left to rot
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Carbon Dioxide
- carbon dioxide emissions from human activities have increased the amount of this gas in the atmosphere
- carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
- the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere was 0.028% before the start of the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century
- since then, the concentration has risen rapidly, it reached 0.040% in mid-2013
- global average temperature
- there is a trend for the average temperature to rise
- the general increase in global average temperature follows a similar trend to the percentage of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
- does not show a relationship
- taking account of other data, the scientific opinion shoes that the resultf from the two groups are linked
- does not show a relationship
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Global Warming
- a rise of just a few degrees in world temperatures will have a dramatic impact on the climate
- global weather patterns will change
- polar ice caps will melt
- climate change will cause drought in some places and flooding in others
- increased sea levels from warming oceans and melting glaciers will cause increased coastal erosion and flooding of low-lying land
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Recycle
- recycling can reduce the amount of waste and pollution in the environment
- many materials can be recycled, including
- glass
- can be melted and remolded
- less energy is needed to do this than to make new glass from its raw materials
- different coloured glass must be sorted and transported to the recycling plant
- metal
- takes less energy to melt and remould metals than it does to extract new metals from their ores
- a lot of metals are alloys
- difficult to sort for recycling
- paper
- can be easily recycled
- takes less energy than making paper from trees
- paper can only be recycled a few times before its fibres become too short to be useful
- plastic
- recycling plastic helps conserve crude oil, which is the raw material for making plastics and is non-renewable
- different types of plastics have to be sorted before recycling
- glass
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