4.3 Transport in humans 0.0 / 5 ? Biology4.3 Transport in humansIGCSEEdexcel Created by: 14mut64Created on: 12-05-19 10:23 Components of blood Red blood cells have no nucleus - so there is more haemoglobin can be carried are bi-concave discs - which gives a large surface area to volume ratio White blood cells fight infection lymphocytes make antibodies phagocytes eat bacteria Platelets clot blood at site of wound; soluble fibrogen becomes insoluble fibrin Plasma the suspension that carries cells and components transports CO2 ; urea; amino acids; glucose; hormones 1 of 6 Labelled diagram of the Heart 2 of 6 the Heart how is heart rate increased: during exercise; muscles need more oxygen to respire aerobically and produce more carbon dioxide too Adrenaline Coronary heart disease: caused by - lack of exercise; high sugar & fat diet (high cholesterol); smoking; hereditary genes; and diabetes when cholesterol builds up, it can block arteries when coronary arteries get blocked, O2 cannot react the heard, so the artery dies when the artery dies, it causes a heart attack 3 of 6 Arteries, Veins & Capillaries 4 of 6 Circulatory system 5 of 6 the Heart cycle Diastole: atria relax ventricles relax bi + tricuspid valves open semi-lunar valves shut Atrial systole: atria contract ventricles relax bi + tricuspid valves open semi-lunar valves shut Ventricular systole: atria relax ventricles contract bi + tricuspid valves close semi-lunar valves open 6 of 6
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