Ionic Bonding
When a non-metal reacts with a metal, ions are formed. Metal atoms lose one or more electrons to form positively charged ions. Non-metals gain electrons, forming negatively charged ions.
Ionic bonds are formed when the oppositely charged ions attract.
Ionic compounds conduct electricity when dissolved in solution or molten and have high melting points; also they tend to dissolve in water.
The chemical formula tells us the simplest ratio of ions in the compound.
Covalent Bonding
Covalent bonding is bonding between two non-metals, this is where they share their electrons and molecules are formed.
The chemical formula tells us the number of atoms that have bonded together.
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