1.2) Germany: Treaty of Versailles.

• Nov 11th 1918, Armistice signed.
• Allies, UK's George, FRA's Clameneau, ITA's Vittorio and US' Wilson.
• Peace talks until treaty could be sorted.
• TofV was diktat, Germans had no say.
• Showed on May 7th with 7 day deadline to accept.

• Treaty involved Territorial loss, Disarmement, War-guilt, Demilitarisation and Reparations.
• Nationalists were disgusted.
• Ebert said signing it was patriotic.

• TERRITORIAL LOSSES:
  • 13% colonies lost.
  • Alsace-Lorriane and Polish Corridor given to France and Poland.
  • 75%, 65% and 30% lost in Zinc, Iron and Coal.
  • LofN given Coal rich Saarland.
• DISARMEMENT:
  • Weapon and forts lost in Rhineland.
  • Army limited to 100,000 men, 15,000 Navy and 6 Battleships.
• DEMILITARISATION:
  • Rhineland was a place of war production. Allies took it over so they comply with terms of the treaty.
• WAR GUILT:
  • Had to take all the blame for War.
  • Paid £6.6b reparations.
  • Couldn't join LofN.

• Angry and shocked.
• Thought they won the war, lied to via propaganda.
• Hated Kaiser's removal.
• Unfair, W's 14 points self-determination gave rights for countries to govern themselves. Independent from large empires. But, not allowed for Germany.

PROBLEMS:

• Germans were living in non-German places, e.g. Poland.
• War-guilt was humiliation.
• Disarmement was discrimination.
• Nationalists hated French taking Saarland.

BUT THEY EXPECTED:

• Returning Alsace-Lorraine,
• creation of Poland,
• Giving over assets,
• Getting disarmed.

• TofV could have been worse.
• French wanted Germany to suffer more.
• Saarland would be annexed and Rhineland made independent.
• If Germans won they would've colonized allies and imposed heavier reparations.
• German could've expected harshness.

WAS WEIMAR SUCCESSFUL?

• Moderate supporters were lost.
• Seens as a failure again.
• Nationalists and Friekorps had enough.
• Everyone linked to Treaties were now November criminals.
• Germans felt stabbed in the back.

• Overall even allies knew they were to harsh. Lloyd-George felt Germany were too weak, may be threatened by Bolshevik and communists spread from Russia.
• Clamencau felt Treaty was too nice,
• Wilson though UK and France enriched themselves.