Synchrotrons and LHC

From first synchrotrons to the
LHC…read more

Synchrotrons
· Synchrotrons is a type of particle accelerator
which uses concept of cyclotrons.
· Accelerated through an evacuated chamber in
a circular path
· The magnetic field strength increases with the
energy of the particle to keep their radius
constant.…read more

How it works?
· High ­ frequency alternating voltage is applied
between electrodes positioned around the ring
· The charged particles are accelerated to a high
energy
· The particles are then injected
into the ring with high energy
· Then they are accelerated by
the electrodes…read more

Cyclotron and synchrotrons
· In synchrotrons the deflecting magnets are
situated in the path of the beam, not over the
whole area of the orbit
· Therefore the chamber can be much larger
than with a cyclotron…read more

Synchrotrons radiation
· Accelerated charged particles emit electromagnetic
radiation
· The charged particles in synchrotrons emit radiation as
they are accelerated when they are deflected in a
circular path
· The radiation is emitted when charged particle are
forced to change direction under action of magnetic
field
· The EM radiation is then emitted in a narrow cone
· The radiation is of very high intensity and can be
generated across the whole range of EM spectrum…read more

Uses
· The intense beam of synchrotron radiation enables the
scientists to investigate the structure of matter
· Area they are useful in:
­ Medicine - X-rays produced by a synchrotron are 108 times
brighter than the X-rays from a conventional X-ray machine in a
hospital.
­ Environment - Synchrotrons are being used to investigate the
sources of pollutants in water supplies.
­ Forensics - Extremely small samples from crime scenes can be
analysed using synchrotron technology.
­ Agriculture - Scientists created Optim, a commercial fibre mad
from wool that mimics the structure of silk. The synchrotron was
used to confirm its structure in comparison to silk.…read more