lang form and structure hardy poems

Hardy Poetry Notes
I've probably got langformstructure confused in these but should still be
helpful I hope!!

Hap

Lang
"If" ­ questioning from the very first word
Voice of "god" personification as negative, sadistic, overdramatised
character ­ blasphemous?
Uncapitalisation and capitalisation
Coinage ­ "unblooms" ­ reversed ­ hope never lived?…

Litotes lang used to undercut a very serious topic characters discussing
trivial every day things
"Wedded, born, divided" ­ rule of 3

Form
Elegy... but a bit of a weird one :P
Elements of ballad and folktale
Highly narrative

Structure
Terza rima (tripling rhyme)
Cyclical
Almost entirely endstopped
"shift" on…

elegy

Structure
Anapaestic tetrameter
Not, Not, No ­ negatives at start of lines and repeated at end (cyclical)
Regular ­ 8 lines per stanza
Volta in final stanza showing change 2 positive thought

I Look Into My Glass

Lang
Time personified (contrasting with God)
1st person and own voice quoted…

"Uncoffined" prefixation ­ as if stripped of right to a coffin as opposed
to never having one
Africaans terms emphasize how far he is from home "kopie" "veldt"
"Karoo" ­ juxtaposed with "Wessex"
"just as found" = better suited to an object than a person
Simple and natural lang shows…

Hardy considered it to be the best of its kind due to art of concealing art,
story telling but in a way that is accepted (unlike novels. Personal success).
Had a readership and evoked some of his key interests in a restricted way

Lang
A common voice, simple lexis
Sibilance…

Structure
10 syllables but not a set pattern of stressed and unstressed ­ natural
and free instead of forced and restricted
ABBA rhyme scheme (like in petrarchan sonnets, but not a strict
petrarchan sonnet as this is broken in the third stanza)
2 quatrains and a sestet

The Roman Road…

Mainly anapaestic metre but also uses iambs and dactyls. Reflects
dancing? Maybe metre is completely irregular? :P

The Man He Killed

Channel Firing
Humorous but savagely critical war does nothing, will never stop and religion
does nothing to stop it.

Lang
1st person (dead persona)
"sat upright" ­ gruesomely comical…

Caesura disrupted rhythm
Enjambment ­ inevitability

Form
Alternative ballad form ­ tells a real story
Lyricism, song like. Gives a moral, teaching a lesson

Structure
AAABBBCCC tripling rhyme
Poem split into description of sinking ship (1st half) and how it happened
(2nd)
Tension build up until actual event happens in…

Wessex Heights
Loneliness, isolation, solace ­ but welcomed?

Lang
Spiritual undertone links to heaven and creation
Critics aren't his "comrade"s
Highland + lowland = state of mind device literal and metaphorical
Mixing of hard and soft sounds "dubious", "askance" etc
"Mindchains" ­ Blake influence apparently?
"phantoms" but comforting, not negative…

Form
Narrative form
Tells a story

Structure
Iambic pentameter
Repetition in question
Stanzas irregular length (broken up like waterfall itself, pace increases
then calm etc) but regular rhyme scheme
Line length = more regular in some stanzas than others (due to
changing voice?)

The Going "a confused mess" but SO…